Wave interaction with a perforated wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal porous plate

This study examines the hydrodynamic performance of a new perforated-wall breakwater. The breakwater consists of a perforated front wall, a solid back wall and a submerged horizontal porous plate installed between them. The horizontal porous plate enhances the stability and wave-absorbing capacity of the structure. An analytical solution based on linear potential theory is developed for the interaction of water waves with the new proposed breakwater. According to the division of the structure, the whole fluid domain is divided into three sub-domains, and the velocity potential in each domain is obtained using the matched eigenfunction method. Then the reflection coefficient and the wave forces and moments on the perforated front wall and the submerged horizontal porous plate are calculated. The numerical results obtained for limiting cases are exactly the same as previous predictions for a perforated-wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal solid plate [Yip, T.L., Chwang, A.T., 2000. Perforated wall breakwater with internal horiontal plate. Journal of Engineering Mechanics ASCE 126 (5), 533–538] and a vertical wall with a submerged horizontal porous plate [Wu, J.H., Wan, Z.P., Fang, Y., 1998. Wave reflection by a vertical wall with a horizontal submerged porous plate. Ocean Engineering 25 (9), 767–779]. Numerical results show that with suitable geometric porosity of the front wall and horizontal plate, the reflection coefficient will be always rather small if the relative wave absorbing chamber width (distance between the front and back walls versus incident wavelength) exceeds a certain small value. In addition, the wave force and moment on the horizontal plate decrease significantly with the increase of the plate porosity.     

波浪物理模型试验中风速比尺确定方法初探

在波浪模型试验中研究风对构筑物的作用时,会涉及到风速比尺的确定问题。风对构筑物的作用力包括惯性力和粘滞力,这2种力的大小与建筑物的形态有关,对有的构筑物的作用力以惯性力为主,有的则以粘滞力为主。所以,在波浪物理模型试验中不能简单地采用重力相似准则也不能采用粘滞力相似准则来确定风速比尺。根据大量的试验研究结果,提出了采用不同模型比尺的船舶模型试验来确定风速比尺的方法,为波浪模型试验中风场模拟和数据处理提供了依据。     

Parabolic Wave Propagation Modelling in Orthogonal Coordinate Systems

This paper presents a numerical model study of the propagation of water waves using the parabolic approximation of the mild-slope equation in the orthogonal coordinate system. Two types of coordinate systems are studied: (a) a general form of orthogonal coordinate system and (b) the conformal system, a special form of orthogonal coordinate system. Two typical examples, namely, expanded breakwaters and a circular channel, are studied to validate the model. First, the examples are studied by use of the general orthogonal coordinates. Then the same examples are computed by use of the confonnal system. The computational results show that the confonnal coordinate system generally gives better predictions than the general orthogonal system. A numerical technique for generating the conformal grid is combined with the numerical model to improve the practicability of the model. The comparison between the result from the numerical grid system and that from the analytical grid system shows that reliable computational results can be obtained by use of the numerical confonnal grid system.     

双层局部开孔板沉箱对波浪反射的理论研究

提出了一种用于研究由双层开孔板和一个不透水后板的开孔结构对斜向波反射率的理论分析方法。整个流域被分成三个子域，在每个子域内应用特征函数展开法以得到该域内包含未知展开系数的势函数的表达式，在速度势的展开中，考虑了非传播模态波浪的影响。通过匹配开孔板处的边界条件可以求解待定的展开系数，继而求解双层开孔板防波堤结构对斜向波的反射率。数值计算结果与试验结果进行了比较，符合较好。并进一步讨论了几个重要因素对反射系数的影响。     

港口爆破施工的主要环境影响及评价方法

通过对常见的三种港口爆破施工方法——炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海等的介绍,分析炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海主要环境影响,并提出对三种施工方法环境影响的预测评价的方法。     

石油污染物在海滩颗粒体系中吸附规律的研究

以0#柴油为研究对象,探讨了石油污染物在海滩颗粒体系中的吸附规律,考察了吸附剂(沙粒)的粒径、海水盐度和温度三因素对吸附作用的影响,并对吸附机理进行了分析。结果表明,颗粒物对溶解油的吸附速率较快,其吸附量与沙粒粒径成反比,与盐度成正比,而温度的升高不利于吸附过程的进行。溶解油在颗粒物上的吸附为物理吸附,其吸附模式符合Henery等温吸附式。     

台湾的弧陆碰撞研究及其地层沉积构造研究年表

对台湾及其邻近地区典型板块构造弧陆碰撞运动的研究历史沿革与代表性观点进行了较为全面的介绍;将1977年颜沧波有关台湾及其邻近地区典型板块构造弧陆碰撞运动研究的观点与30年后黄奇瑜教授的研究成果进行了对比性介绍;同时介绍了反映台湾及其邻近地区典型板块构造弧陆碰撞运动的地层沉积构造综合研究年表。     

低硼氢氧化镁的制备及热分解动力学参数

本文以水合氯化镁、工业氨水为原料制备出了低硼含量的纯度 >99%的氢氧化镁和氧化镁。利用差热 -热重 (DTA- TG)、X-射线衍射 (XRD)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)等手段 ,对氢氧化镁的热稳定性、相结构、表观状态以及脱水动力学参数进行了分析。结果为 :氢氧化镁以束状纤维和片状粉末共存 ,在 6 2 3K基本完成脱水反应生成氧化镁 ,其脱水反应的表观活化能 E为135 .4 k J· mol-1,指前因子 A为 5 .15× 10 10 ,反应级数 n为 1.10     

北部湾三维风生流及密度流模拟

将Casulli差分格式引入三维物理海洋模型计算，模拟了北部湾风生流及密度流。模拟结果表明，夏季西南季风在北部湾导致一个顺时针环流，夏季海水密度梯度导致一个逆时针方向的环流，密度流明显强于风生流；冬季东北寒潮导致一个逆时针环流。模拟结果不支持北部湾夏季为一顺时针环流、冬季为逆时针环流的传统结论，而支持终年为逆时针环流的观点。     

海洋发光弧菌生长和发光条件的研究

海洋生物发光研究对渔业、环境监测等有着举足轻重的意义。根据从湛江东海岛海域沉积物样品中分离出的一株海洋发光弧菌(Vibrio sp.,编号为D2),对这株菌的生长和发光条件进行了初步研究。实验结果表明,海洋发光弧菌D2在pH7.0、温度35℃、NaCl浓度为2.0%时,生长状态最好;在pH5~6、温度20℃、NaCl浓度为3.0%、细菌密度OD600达0.08时,发光强度最高。